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This paper proposes that a fundamental principle for designing
optimal strategies to attain new U.S. particulate
matter (PM) standards be minimization of community and
susceptible group exposure to, and inhaled dosage of, ambient
PM. Properly done, such minimization maximizes
human health risk reduction. To illustrate implementation
of such a principle, an initial prototype model, PM Exposure
(PMEX), is described that calculates PM exposure and
inhaled dosage as figures-of-merit for control strategy
optimization. The model accounts for age-occupation and
susceptible group activity patterns, indoor-outdoor concentration
differences, and geographical location. Modeling
results are presented for a hypothetical example, apportioning
inhaled dosage among different classes of
sources, under alternative assumptions about the relative
potency of different PM species categories. The results, while
preliminary, demonstrate that conclusions about source
class contribution based on inhaled dosage can be appreciably
different than those based on ambient air measurements
or emission inventories.
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Publication Type:
Journal
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Publication Date:
September 1999
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